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This is how ‘Hunger Hormone’ triggers monetary decision making, changes our choices and behaviors

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High levels of the hormone ghrelin also known as Hunger Hormone, which stimulates appetite, prefigure a greater preference for small immediate financial rewards than large delayed financial rewards, a new study finds.

The results of the study will be presented at the annual meeting of the Endocrine Society, Endo 2021.

This research presents novel proof in people that ghrelin, known as “hunger hormone,” influences money-related dynamic, said co-researcher Franziska Plessow, Ph.D., an assistant professor of medicine at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston. She said recent research findings in rodents highlighted that ghrelin could play a part in impulsive choices and behaviors.

Our results indicate that ghrelin might play a broader role than previously acknowledged in human reward-related behavior and decision making, such as monetary choices. This will hopefully inspire future research into its role in food-independent human perception and behavior”

Franziska Plessow, Ph.D., Study Co-Investigator and Assistant Professor, Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston

Ghrelin signals the brain for the need to eat and may modulate brain pathways that control reward processing. Levels of ghrelin fluctuate throughout the day, depending on food intake and individual metabolism.

This study included 84 female participants ages 10 to 22 years: 50 with a low-weight eating disorder, such as anorexia nervosa, and 34 healthy control participants. Plessow’s research team tested blood levels of total ghrelin before and after a standardized meal that was the same for all participants, who had fasted beforehand.

After the meal, participants took a test of hypothetical financial decisions, called the delay discounting task. They were asked to make a series of choices to indicate their preference for a smaller immediate monetary reward or a larger delayed amount of money, for instance, $20 today or $80 in 14 days.

Healthy girls and young women with higher ghrelin levels were more likely to choose the immediate but smaller monetary reward rather than waiting for a larger amount of money, the researchers reported. This preference indicates more impulsive choices, Plessow said.

The relationship between ghrelin level and monetary choices was absent in age-matched participants with a low-weight eating disorder. People with this eating disorder are known to have ghrelin resistance, and Plessow said their finding might be another indicator of a disconnect between ghrelin signaling and behavior in this population.

The study received funding from the National Institutes of Health and a Charles A. King Trust Research Fellowship Award to Plessow. Naila Shiraliyeva, M.D., a research fellow at Massachusetts General Hospital, will present the study findings at the meeting.

Source: The Endocrine Society

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