A team of biology researchers has studied the origin of the animal body and concluded that both parents contribute to the body orientation of their offspring in certain parts of the body.
Researchers have shown that, initially, the ovules are visually round spots, after experiencing fertilization, transform and take the body shape according to the species that the parents belong to.
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According to the study, the mother establishes the body orientation of the back and belly, while the father contributes in the body orientation of the head and tail.
“Both the maternal and the paternal cues are required to establish the body plan of the developing animal embryo”
said Tomomi Tani, co-author of the study that was based on marine sea squirt species.
The predominant theory of how the body’s axis is established has been that actin filaments within the egg, which are involved in cell movement and contraction, drive the rearrangement of cytoplasmic material in the egg after fertilization.
With the help of a fluorescence polarization microscope, the scientists were able to capture unprecedented images of the orientation of actin molecules working with polarized light.
In this way, it was possible to see that after fertilization a wave of calcium ions passes through the ovule and the actin filaments align and contract along the orientation to assign the body orientation of the future species.
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“We hope that the molecular orders in the cytoskeleton tell us something like ‘field lines’ of mechanical forces that organize the morphology of multicellular organisms”
concluded Tani proposing that this study should be further explored and analyzed.